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Flaxseed oil (ALA)

Plant omega-3 (ALA) — heart-friendly in a diet, but a poor substitute for EPA/DHA.

Reviewed by Bodil Isaksson, Licensed Biomedical Scientist (Sweden)Last reviewed July 2026Supplement guide

SupplementsFatty acidsOmega-3Vegan

Flaxseed (linseed) oil is the richest plant source of the omega-3 ALA. The catch is biochemistry: the body converts only a little of it to the active EPA, and almost none to DHA.

Key takeaways

  • Rich in alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), a plant omega-3.
  • Conversion is poor: roughly 5–10% of ALA → EPA, and <0.5–5% → DHA.1
  • It raises EPA a little but not DHA or the omega-3 index — for real EPA/DHA, use algae or fish oil.
  • Fine as part of a healthy diet; it oxidises easily — keep refrigerated and don’t heat.

What it is

Cold-pressed oil from flax (linseed) seeds, very high in ALA. Whole ground flaxseed additionally provides fibre and lignans.

The evidence

Supplementing ALA modestly raises blood EPA but has little effect on DHA or the omega-3 index, because human conversion is inefficient (and lower in men).1 It contributes to a heart-healthy dietary fat profile, but isn’t a reliable EPA/DHA source.

Dose & storage

A tablespoon provides plenty of ALA. Buy small, dark bottles, refrigerate, and never cook with it (it goes rancid fast).

Who benefits

A useful dietary omega-3 fat for everyone, but vegans wanting EPA/DHA should choose algae oil instead.

Bottom line: a healthy dietary oil, but not a stand-in for EPA/DHA — if you want active omega-3 without fish, algae oil beats flax.

References

Adult research summary for education, not a prescription.

  1. Efficiency of ALA conversion to EPA and DHA in humans — review. pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

This article summarises nutrition science for education. It is not a substitute for individual medical advice; consult a professional before starting a supplement, in pregnancy, or alongside medication.